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-rw-r--r--src/libnm-crypto/nm-crypto.c1063
1 files changed, 1063 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/libnm-crypto/nm-crypto.c b/src/libnm-crypto/nm-crypto.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..69d2b53f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libnm-crypto/nm-crypto.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1063 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
+/*
+ * Dan Williams <dcbw@redhat.com>
+ * Copyright (C) 2007 - 2018 Red Hat, Inc.
+ */
+
+#include "libnm-glib-aux/nm-default-glib-i18n-lib.h"
+
+#include "nm-crypto.h"
+
+#include <strings.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include "libnm-glib-aux/nm-secret-utils.h"
+#include "libnm-glib-aux/nm-io-utils.h"
+
+#include "nm-crypto-impl.h"
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#define PEM_RSA_KEY_BEGIN "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"
+#define PEM_RSA_KEY_END   "-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"
+
+#define PEM_DSA_KEY_BEGIN "-----BEGIN DSA PRIVATE KEY-----"
+#define PEM_DSA_KEY_END   "-----END DSA PRIVATE KEY-----"
+
+#define PEM_CERT_BEGIN "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----"
+#define PEM_CERT_END   "-----END CERTIFICATE-----"
+
+#define PEM_PKCS8_ENC_KEY_BEGIN "-----BEGIN ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----"
+#define PEM_PKCS8_ENC_KEY_END   "-----END ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----"
+
+#define PEM_PKCS8_DEC_KEY_BEGIN "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----"
+#define PEM_PKCS8_DEC_KEY_END   "-----END PRIVATE KEY-----"
+
+#define PEM_TPM2_WRAPPED_KEY_BEGIN "-----BEGIN TSS2 PRIVATE KEY-----"
+#define PEM_TPM2_WRAPPED_KEY_END   "-----END TSS2 PRIVATE KEY-----"
+
+#define PEM_TPM2_OLD_WRAPPED_KEY_BEGIN "-----BEGIN TSS2 KEY BLOB-----"
+#define PEM_TPM2_OLD_WRAPPED_KEY_END   "-----END TSS2 KEY BLOB-----"
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+static const NMCryptoCipherInfo cipher_infos[] = {
+#define _CI(_cipher, _name, _digest_len, _real_iv_len) \
+    [(_cipher) -1] = {.cipher      = _cipher,          \
+                      .name        = ""_name           \
+                                     "",               \
+                      .digest_len  = _digest_len,      \
+                      .real_iv_len = _real_iv_len}
+    _CI(NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_DES_EDE3_CBC, "DES-EDE3-CBC", 24, 8),
+    _CI(NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_DES_CBC, "DES-CBC", 8, 8),
+    _CI(NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_AES_128_CBC, "AES-128-CBC", 16, 16),
+    _CI(NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_AES_192_CBC, "AES-192-CBC", 24, 16),
+    _CI(NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_AES_256_CBC, "AES-256-CBC", 32, 16),
+};
+
+const NMCryptoCipherInfo *
+nm_crypto_cipher_get_info(NMCryptoCipherType cipher)
+{
+    g_return_val_if_fail(cipher > NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_UNKNOWN
+                             && (gsize) cipher < G_N_ELEMENTS(cipher_infos) + 1,
+                         NULL);
+
+#if NM_MORE_ASSERTS > 10
+    {
+        int i, j;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < (int) G_N_ELEMENTS(cipher_infos); i++) {
+            const NMCryptoCipherInfo *info = &cipher_infos[i];
+
+            nm_assert(info->cipher == (NMCryptoCipherType) (i + 1));
+            nm_assert(info->name && info->name[0]);
+            for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
+                nm_assert(g_ascii_strcasecmp(info->name, cipher_infos[j].name) != 0);
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return &cipher_infos[cipher - 1];
+}
+
+const NMCryptoCipherInfo *
+nm_crypto_cipher_get_info_by_name(const char *cipher_name, gssize p_len)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    nm_assert(nm_crypto_cipher_get_info(NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_DES_CBC)->cipher
+              == NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_DES_CBC);
+
+    if (p_len < 0) {
+        if (!cipher_name)
+            return FALSE;
+        p_len = strlen(cipher_name);
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < (int) G_N_ELEMENTS(cipher_infos); i++) {
+        const NMCryptoCipherInfo *info = &cipher_infos[i];
+
+        if ((gsize) p_len == strlen(info->name)
+            && g_ascii_strncasecmp(info->name, cipher_name, p_len) == 0)
+            return info;
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+static gboolean
+find_tag(const char *tag, const guint8 *data, gsize data_len, gsize start_at, gsize *out_pos)
+{
+    const guint8 *p;
+    gsize         taglen;
+
+    nm_assert(out_pos);
+    nm_assert(start_at <= data_len);
+
+    taglen = strlen(tag);
+
+    p = memmem(&data[start_at], data_len - start_at, tag, taglen);
+    if (!p)
+        return FALSE;
+
+    *out_pos = p - data;
+
+    nm_assert(memcmp(&data[*out_pos], tag, taglen) == 0);
+
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+#define DEK_INFO_TAG  "DEK-Info: "
+#define PROC_TYPE_TAG "Proc-Type: "
+
+static char *
+_extract_line(const guint8 **p, const guint8 *p_end)
+{
+    const guint8 *x, *x0;
+
+    nm_assert(p);
+    nm_assert(p_end);
+    nm_assert(*p);
+    nm_assert(*p < p_end);
+
+    x = x0 = *p;
+    while (TRUE) {
+        if (x == p_end) {
+            *p = p_end;
+            break;
+        }
+        if (*x == '\0') {
+            /* the data contains embedded NUL. This is the end. */
+            *p = p_end;
+            break;
+        }
+        if (*x == '\n') {
+            *p = x + 1;
+            break;
+        }
+        x++;
+    }
+
+    if (x == x0)
+        return NULL;
+    return g_strndup((char *) x0, x - x0);
+}
+
+static gboolean
+parse_old_openssl_key_file(const guint8       *data,
+                           gsize               data_len,
+                           NMSecretPtr        *out_parsed,
+                           NMCryptoKeyType    *out_key_type,
+                           NMCryptoCipherType *out_cipher,
+                           char              **out_iv,
+                           GError            **error)
+{
+    gsize                                start = 0, end = 0;
+    nm_auto_free_secret char            *str = NULL;
+    char                                *str_p;
+    gsize                                str_len;
+    int                                  enc_tags = 0;
+    NMCryptoKeyType                      key_type;
+    nm_auto_clear_secret_ptr NMSecretPtr parsed = {0};
+    nm_auto_free_secret char            *iv     = NULL;
+    NMCryptoCipherType                   cipher = NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_UNKNOWN;
+    const char                          *start_tag;
+    const char                          *end_tag;
+    const guint8                        *data_start, *data_end;
+
+    nm_assert(!out_parsed || (out_parsed->len == 0 && !out_parsed->bin));
+    nm_assert(!out_iv || !*out_iv);
+
+    NM_SET_OUT(out_key_type, NM_CRYPTO_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN);
+    NM_SET_OUT(out_cipher, NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_UNKNOWN);
+
+    if (find_tag(PEM_RSA_KEY_BEGIN, data, data_len, 0, &start)) {
+        key_type  = NM_CRYPTO_KEY_TYPE_RSA;
+        start_tag = PEM_RSA_KEY_BEGIN;
+        end_tag   = PEM_RSA_KEY_END;
+    } else if (find_tag(PEM_DSA_KEY_BEGIN, data, data_len, 0, &start)) {
+        key_type  = NM_CRYPTO_KEY_TYPE_DSA;
+        start_tag = PEM_DSA_KEY_BEGIN;
+        end_tag   = PEM_DSA_KEY_END;
+    } else {
+        g_set_error(error,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                    _("PEM key file had no start tag"));
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    start += strlen(start_tag);
+    if (!find_tag(end_tag, data, data_len, start, &end)) {
+        g_set_error(error,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                    _("PEM key file had no end tag '%s'."),
+                    end_tag);
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    str_len = end - start + 1;
+    str     = g_new(char, str_len);
+    str[0]  = '\0';
+    str_p   = str;
+
+    data_start = &data[start];
+    data_end   = &data[end];
+
+    while (data_start < data_end) {
+        nm_auto_free_secret char *line = NULL;
+        char                     *p;
+
+        line = _extract_line(&data_start, data_end);
+        if (!line)
+            continue;
+
+        p = nm_secret_strchomp(nm_str_skip_leading_spaces(line));
+
+        if (!strncmp(p, PROC_TYPE_TAG, strlen(PROC_TYPE_TAG))) {
+            if (enc_tags++ != 0 || str_p != str) {
+                g_set_error(error,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                            _("Malformed PEM file: Proc-Type was not first tag."));
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+
+            p += strlen(PROC_TYPE_TAG);
+            if (strcmp(p, "4,ENCRYPTED")) {
+                g_set_error(error,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                            _("Malformed PEM file: unknown Proc-Type tag '%s'."),
+                            p);
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+        } else if (!strncmp(p, DEK_INFO_TAG, strlen(DEK_INFO_TAG))) {
+            const NMCryptoCipherInfo *cipher_info;
+            char                     *comma;
+            gsize                     p_len;
+
+            if (enc_tags++ != 1 || str_p != str) {
+                g_set_error(error,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                            _("Malformed PEM file: DEK-Info was not the second tag."));
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+
+            p += strlen(DEK_INFO_TAG);
+
+            /* Grab the IV first */
+            comma = strchr(p, ',');
+            if (!comma || (*(comma + 1) == '\0')) {
+                g_set_error(error,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                            _("Malformed PEM file: no IV found in DEK-Info tag."));
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+            p_len = comma - p;
+            comma++;
+            if (!g_ascii_isxdigit(*comma)) {
+                g_set_error(error,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                            _("Malformed PEM file: invalid format of IV in DEK-Info tag."));
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+            nm_free_secret(iv);
+            iv = g_strdup(comma);
+
+            /* Get the private key cipher */
+            cipher_info = nm_crypto_cipher_get_info_by_name(p, p_len);
+            if (!cipher_info) {
+                g_set_error(error,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                            _("Malformed PEM file: unknown private key cipher '%s'."),
+                            p);
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+            cipher = cipher_info->cipher;
+        } else {
+            if (enc_tags == 1) {
+                g_set_error(error,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                            "Malformed PEM file: both Proc-Type and DEK-Info tags are required.");
+                return FALSE;
+            }
+            nm_strbuf_append_str(&str_p, &str_len, p);
+            nm_assert(str_len > 0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    parsed.bin = (guint8 *) g_base64_decode(str, &parsed.len);
+    if (!parsed.bin || parsed.len == 0) {
+        g_set_error(error,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                    _("Could not decode private key."));
+        nm_secret_ptr_clear(&parsed);
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    NM_SET_OUT(out_key_type, key_type);
+    NM_SET_OUT(out_iv, g_steal_pointer(&iv));
+    NM_SET_OUT(out_cipher, cipher);
+    nm_secret_ptr_move(out_parsed, &parsed);
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+static gboolean
+parse_pkcs8_key_file(const guint8 *data,
+                     gsize         data_len,
+                     NMSecretPtr  *parsed,
+                     gboolean     *out_encrypted,
+                     GError      **error)
+{
+    gsize                     start = 0, end = 0;
+    const char               *start_tag = NULL, *end_tag = NULL;
+    gboolean                  encrypted  = FALSE;
+    nm_auto_free_secret char *der_base64 = NULL;
+
+    nm_assert(parsed);
+    nm_assert(!parsed->bin);
+    nm_assert(parsed->len == 0);
+    nm_assert(out_encrypted);
+
+    /* Try encrypted first, decrypted next */
+    if (find_tag(PEM_PKCS8_ENC_KEY_BEGIN, data, data_len, 0, &start)) {
+        start_tag = PEM_PKCS8_ENC_KEY_BEGIN;
+        end_tag   = PEM_PKCS8_ENC_KEY_END;
+        encrypted = TRUE;
+    } else if (find_tag(PEM_PKCS8_DEC_KEY_BEGIN, data, data_len, 0, &start)) {
+        start_tag = PEM_PKCS8_DEC_KEY_BEGIN;
+        end_tag   = PEM_PKCS8_DEC_KEY_END;
+        encrypted = FALSE;
+    } else {
+        g_set_error_literal(error,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                            _("Failed to find expected PKCS#8 start tag."));
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    start += strlen(start_tag);
+    if (!find_tag(end_tag, data, data_len, start, &end)) {
+        g_set_error(error,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                    _("Failed to find expected PKCS#8 end tag '%s'."),
+                    end_tag);
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    /* g_base64_decode() wants a NULL-terminated string */
+    der_base64 = g_strndup((char *) &data[start], end - start);
+
+    parsed->bin = (guint8 *) g_base64_decode(der_base64, &parsed->len);
+    if (!parsed->bin || parsed->len == 0) {
+        g_set_error_literal(error,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                            _("Failed to decode PKCS#8 private key."));
+        nm_secret_ptr_clear(parsed);
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    *out_encrypted = encrypted;
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+static gboolean
+parse_tpm2_wrapped_key_file(const guint8 *data,
+                            gsize         data_len,
+                            gboolean     *out_encrypted,
+                            GError      **error)
+{
+    gsize       start = 0, end = 0;
+    const char *start_tag = NULL, *end_tag = NULL;
+
+    nm_assert(out_encrypted);
+
+    if (find_tag(PEM_TPM2_WRAPPED_KEY_BEGIN, data, data_len, 0, &start)) {
+        start_tag = PEM_TPM2_WRAPPED_KEY_BEGIN;
+        end_tag   = PEM_TPM2_WRAPPED_KEY_END;
+    } else if (find_tag(PEM_TPM2_OLD_WRAPPED_KEY_BEGIN, data, data_len, 0, &start)) {
+        start_tag = PEM_TPM2_OLD_WRAPPED_KEY_BEGIN;
+        end_tag   = PEM_TPM2_OLD_WRAPPED_KEY_END;
+    } else {
+        g_set_error_literal(error,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                            _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                            _("Failed to find expected TSS start tag."));
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    start += strlen(start_tag);
+    if (!find_tag(end_tag, data, data_len, start, &end)) {
+        g_set_error(error,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                    _("Failed to find expected TSS end tag '%s'."),
+                    end_tag);
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    *out_encrypted = FALSE;
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert a hex string into bytes.
+ */
+static guint8 *
+_nmtst_convert_iv(const char *src, gsize *out_len, GError **error)
+{
+    gsize           i, num;
+    gs_free guint8 *c = NULL;
+    int             c0, c1;
+
+    nm_assert(src);
+
+    num = strlen(src);
+    if (num == 0 || (num % 2) != 0) {
+        g_set_error(error,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                    _("IV must be an even number of bytes in length."));
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    num /= 2;
+    c = g_malloc(num + 1);
+
+    /* defensively add trailing NUL. This function returns binary data,
+     * do not assume it's NUL terminated. */
+    c[num] = '\0';
+
+    for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+        if (((c0 = nm_utils_hexchar_to_int(*(src++))) < 0)
+            || ((c1 = nm_utils_hexchar_to_int(*(src++))) < 0)) {
+            g_set_error(error,
+                        _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                        _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                        _("IV contains non-hexadecimal digits."));
+            nm_explicit_bzero(c, i);
+            return FALSE;
+        }
+
+        c[i] = (c0 << 4) + c1;
+    }
+    *out_len = num;
+    return g_steal_pointer(&c);
+}
+
+guint8 *
+nmtst_crypto_make_des_aes_key(NMCryptoCipherType cipher,
+                              const guint8      *salt,
+                              gsize              salt_len,
+                              const char        *password,
+                              gsize             *out_len,
+                              GError           **error)
+{
+    guint8                   *key;
+    const NMCryptoCipherInfo *cipher_info;
+
+    g_return_val_if_fail(salt != NULL, NULL);
+    g_return_val_if_fail(salt_len >= 8, NULL);
+    g_return_val_if_fail(password != NULL, NULL);
+    g_return_val_if_fail(out_len != NULL, NULL);
+
+    *out_len = 0;
+
+    cipher_info = nm_crypto_cipher_get_info(cipher);
+
+    g_return_val_if_fail(cipher_info, NULL);
+
+    if (password[0] == '\0')
+        return NULL;
+
+    key = g_malloc(cipher_info->digest_len);
+
+    nm_crypto_md5_hash(salt,
+                       8,
+                       (guint8 *) password,
+                       strlen(password),
+                       key,
+                       cipher_info->digest_len);
+
+    *out_len = cipher_info->digest_len;
+    return key;
+}
+
+static gboolean
+_nmtst_decrypt_key(NMCryptoCipherType cipher,
+                   const guint8      *data,
+                   gsize              data_len,
+                   const char        *iv,
+                   const char        *password,
+                   NMSecretPtr       *parsed,
+                   GError           **error)
+{
+    nm_auto_clear_secret_ptr NMSecretPtr bin_iv = {0};
+    nm_auto_clear_secret_ptr NMSecretPtr key    = {0};
+
+    nm_assert(password);
+    nm_assert(cipher != NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_UNKNOWN);
+    nm_assert(iv);
+    nm_assert(parsed);
+    nm_assert(!parsed->bin);
+    nm_assert(parsed->len == 0);
+
+    bin_iv.bin = _nmtst_convert_iv(iv, &bin_iv.len, error);
+    if (!bin_iv.bin)
+        return FALSE;
+
+    if (bin_iv.len < 8) {
+        g_set_error(error,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                    _("IV must contain at least 8 characters"));
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    /* Convert the password and IV into a DES or AES key */
+    key.bin =
+        nmtst_crypto_make_des_aes_key(cipher, bin_iv.bin, bin_iv.len, password, &key.len, error);
+    if (!key.bin || !key.len)
+        return FALSE;
+
+    parsed->bin = _nmtst_crypto_decrypt(cipher,
+                                        data,
+                                        data_len,
+                                        bin_iv.bin,
+                                        bin_iv.len,
+                                        key.bin,
+                                        key.len,
+                                        &parsed->len,
+                                        error);
+    if (!parsed->bin || parsed->len == 0) {
+        nm_secret_ptr_clear(parsed);
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+GBytes *
+nmtst_crypto_decrypt_openssl_private_key_data(const guint8    *data,
+                                              gsize            data_len,
+                                              const char      *password,
+                                              NMCryptoKeyType *out_key_type,
+                                              GError         **error)
+{
+    NMCryptoKeyType                      key_type = NM_CRYPTO_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
+    nm_auto_clear_secret_ptr NMSecretPtr parsed   = {0};
+    nm_auto_free_secret char            *iv       = NULL;
+    NMCryptoCipherType                   cipher   = NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_UNKNOWN;
+
+    g_return_val_if_fail(data != NULL, NULL);
+
+    NM_SET_OUT(out_key_type, NM_CRYPTO_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN);
+
+    if (!_nm_crypto_init(error))
+        return NULL;
+
+    if (!parse_old_openssl_key_file(data, data_len, &parsed, &key_type, &cipher, &iv, NULL)) {
+        g_set_error(error,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                    _("Unable to determine private key type."));
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    NM_SET_OUT(out_key_type, key_type);
+
+    if (password) {
+        nm_auto_clear_secret_ptr NMSecretPtr parsed2 = {0};
+
+        if (cipher == NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_UNKNOWN || !iv) {
+            g_set_error(error,
+                        _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                        _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD,
+                        _("Password provided, but key was not encrypted."));
+            return NULL;
+        }
+
+        if (!_nmtst_decrypt_key(cipher, parsed.bin, parsed.len, iv, password, &parsed2, error))
+            return NULL;
+
+        return nm_secret_copy_to_gbytes(parsed2.bin, parsed2.len);
+    }
+
+    if (cipher != NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_UNKNOWN || iv)
+        return NULL;
+
+    return nm_secret_copy_to_gbytes(parsed.bin, parsed.len);
+}
+
+GBytes *
+nmtst_crypto_decrypt_openssl_private_key(const char      *file,
+                                         const char      *password,
+                                         NMCryptoKeyType *out_key_type,
+                                         GError         **error)
+{
+    nm_auto_clear_secret_ptr NMSecretPtr contents = {0};
+
+    if (!_nm_crypto_init(error))
+        return NULL;
+
+    if (!nm_utils_read_crypto_file(file, &contents, error))
+        return NULL;
+
+    return nmtst_crypto_decrypt_openssl_private_key_data(contents.bin,
+                                                         contents.len,
+                                                         password,
+                                                         out_key_type,
+                                                         error);
+}
+
+static gboolean
+extract_pem_cert_data(const guint8 *contents,
+                      gsize         contents_len,
+                      NMSecretPtr  *out_cert,
+                      GError      **error)
+{
+    gsize                     start      = 0;
+    gsize                     end        = 0;
+    nm_auto_free_secret char *der_base64 = NULL;
+
+    nm_assert(contents);
+    nm_assert(out_cert);
+    nm_assert(out_cert->len == 0);
+    nm_assert(!out_cert->ptr);
+
+    if (!find_tag(PEM_CERT_BEGIN, contents, contents_len, 0, &start)) {
+        g_set_error(error,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                    _("PEM certificate had no start tag '%s'."),
+                    PEM_CERT_BEGIN);
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    start += strlen(PEM_CERT_BEGIN);
+    if (!find_tag(PEM_CERT_END, contents, contents_len, start, &end)) {
+        g_set_error(error,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                    _("PEM certificate had no end tag '%s'."),
+                    PEM_CERT_END);
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    /* g_base64_decode() wants a NULL-terminated string */
+    der_base64 = g_strndup((const char *) &contents[start], end - start);
+
+    out_cert->bin = (guint8 *) g_base64_decode(der_base64, &out_cert->len);
+    if (!out_cert->bin || !out_cert->len) {
+        g_set_error(error,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                    _("Failed to decode certificate."));
+        nm_secret_ptr_clear(out_cert);
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+gboolean
+nm_crypto_load_and_verify_certificate(const char         *file,
+                                      NMCryptoFileFormat *out_file_format,
+                                      GBytes            **out_certificate,
+                                      GError            **error)
+{
+    nm_auto_clear_secret_ptr NMSecretPtr contents = {0};
+
+    g_return_val_if_fail(file, FALSE);
+    nm_assert(!error || !*error);
+
+    if (!_nm_crypto_init(error))
+        goto out;
+
+    if (!nm_utils_read_crypto_file(file, &contents, error))
+        goto out;
+
+    if (contents.len == 0) {
+        g_set_error(error,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                    _("Certificate file is empty"));
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    /* Check for PKCS#12 */
+    if (nm_crypto_is_pkcs12_data(contents.bin, contents.len, NULL)) {
+        NM_SET_OUT(out_file_format, NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_PKCS12);
+        NM_SET_OUT(out_certificate, nm_secret_copy_to_gbytes(contents.bin, contents.len));
+        return TRUE;
+    }
+
+    /* Check for plain DER format */
+    if (contents.len > 2 && contents.bin[0] == 0x30 && contents.bin[1] == 0x82) {
+        if (_nm_crypto_verify_x509(contents.bin, contents.len, NULL)) {
+            NM_SET_OUT(out_file_format, NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_X509);
+            NM_SET_OUT(out_certificate, nm_secret_copy_to_gbytes(contents.bin, contents.len));
+            return TRUE;
+        }
+    } else {
+        nm_auto_clear_secret_ptr NMSecretPtr pem_cert = {0};
+
+        if (extract_pem_cert_data(contents.bin, contents.len, &pem_cert, NULL)) {
+            if (_nm_crypto_verify_x509(pem_cert.bin, pem_cert.len, NULL)) {
+                NM_SET_OUT(out_file_format, NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_X509);
+                NM_SET_OUT(out_certificate, nm_secret_copy_to_gbytes(contents.bin, contents.len));
+                return TRUE;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    g_set_error(error,
+                _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                _("Failed to recognize certificate"));
+
+out:
+    NM_SET_OUT(out_file_format, NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_UNKNOWN);
+    NM_SET_OUT(out_certificate, NULL);
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+gboolean
+nm_crypto_is_pkcs12_data(const guint8 *data, gsize data_len, GError **error)
+{
+    gs_free_error GError *local = NULL;
+    gboolean              success;
+
+    if (!data_len) {
+        g_set_error(error,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                    _("Certificate file is empty"));
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    g_return_val_if_fail(data != NULL, FALSE);
+
+    if (!_nm_crypto_init(error))
+        return FALSE;
+
+    success = _nm_crypto_verify_pkcs12(data, data_len, NULL, &local);
+
+    /* If the error was just a decryption error, then it's pkcs#12 */
+    if (!success && !g_error_matches(local, _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR, _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_DECRYPTION_FAILED)) {
+        g_propagate_error(error, g_steal_pointer(&local));
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+gboolean
+nm_crypto_is_pkcs12_file(const char *file, GError **error)
+{
+    nm_auto_clear_secret_ptr NMSecretPtr contents = {0};
+
+    g_return_val_if_fail(file != NULL, FALSE);
+
+    if (!_nm_crypto_init(error))
+        return FALSE;
+
+    if (!nm_utils_read_crypto_file(file, &contents, error))
+        return FALSE;
+
+    return nm_crypto_is_pkcs12_data(contents.bin, contents.len, error);
+}
+
+/* Verifies that a private key can be read, and if a password is given, that
+ * the private key can be decrypted with that password.
+ */
+NMCryptoFileFormat
+nm_crypto_verify_private_key_data(const guint8 *data,
+                                  gsize         data_len,
+                                  const char   *password,
+                                  gboolean     *out_is_encrypted,
+                                  GError      **error)
+{
+    NMCryptoFileFormat format       = NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_UNKNOWN;
+    gboolean           is_encrypted = FALSE;
+
+    g_return_val_if_fail(data != NULL, NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_UNKNOWN);
+    g_return_val_if_fail(out_is_encrypted == NULL || *out_is_encrypted == FALSE,
+                         NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_UNKNOWN);
+
+    if (!_nm_crypto_init(error))
+        return NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_UNKNOWN;
+
+    /* Check for PKCS#12 first */
+    if (nm_crypto_is_pkcs12_data(data, data_len, NULL)) {
+        is_encrypted = TRUE;
+        if (!password || _nm_crypto_verify_pkcs12(data, data_len, password, error))
+            format = NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_PKCS12;
+    } else {
+        nm_auto_clear_secret_ptr NMSecretPtr parsed = {0};
+
+        /* Maybe it's PKCS#8 */
+        if (parse_pkcs8_key_file(data, data_len, &parsed, &is_encrypted, NULL)) {
+            if (!password
+                || _nm_crypto_verify_pkcs8(parsed.bin, parsed.len, is_encrypted, password, error))
+                format = NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_RAW_KEY;
+        } else if (parse_tpm2_wrapped_key_file(data, data_len, &is_encrypted, NULL)) {
+            format = NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_RAW_KEY;
+        } else {
+            NMCryptoCipherType        cipher;
+            nm_auto_free_secret char *iv = NULL;
+
+            /* Or it's old-style OpenSSL */
+            if (parse_old_openssl_key_file(data, data_len, NULL, NULL, &cipher, &iv, NULL)) {
+                format       = NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_RAW_KEY;
+                is_encrypted = (cipher != NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_UNKNOWN && iv);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (format == NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_UNKNOWN && error && !*error) {
+        g_set_error(error,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR,
+                    _NM_CRYPTO_ERROR_INVALID_DATA,
+                    _("not a valid private key"));
+    }
+
+    if (out_is_encrypted)
+        *out_is_encrypted = is_encrypted;
+    return format;
+}
+
+NMCryptoFileFormat
+nm_crypto_verify_private_key(const char *filename,
+                             const char *password,
+                             gboolean   *out_is_encrypted,
+                             GError    **error)
+{
+    nm_auto_clear_secret_ptr NMSecretPtr contents = {0};
+
+    g_return_val_if_fail(filename != NULL, NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_UNKNOWN);
+
+    if (!_nm_crypto_init(error))
+        return NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_UNKNOWN;
+
+    if (!nm_utils_read_crypto_file(filename, &contents, error))
+        return NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_UNKNOWN;
+
+    return nm_crypto_verify_private_key_data(contents.bin,
+                                             contents.len,
+                                             password,
+                                             out_is_encrypted,
+                                             error);
+}
+
+gboolean
+nm_crypto_randomize(void *buffer, gsize buffer_len, GError **error)
+{
+    return _nm_crypto_randomize(buffer, buffer_len, error);
+}
+
+/**
+ * nmtst_crypto_rsa_key_encrypt:
+ * @data: (array length=len): RSA private key data to be encrypted
+ * @len: length of @data
+ * @in_password: (allow-none): existing password to use, if any
+ * @out_password: (out) (allow-none): if @in_password was %NULL, a random
+ *  password will be generated and returned in this argument
+ * @error: detailed error information on return, if an error occurred
+ *
+ * Encrypts the given RSA private key data with the given password (or generates
+ * a password if no password was given) and converts the data to PEM format
+ * suitable for writing to a file. It uses Triple DES cipher for the encryption.
+ *
+ * Returns: (transfer full): on success, PEM-formatted data suitable for writing
+ * to a PEM-formatted certificate/private key file.
+ **/
+GBytes *
+nmtst_crypto_rsa_key_encrypt(const guint8 *data,
+                             gsize         len,
+                             const char   *in_password,
+                             char        **out_password,
+                             GError      **error)
+{
+    guint8                               salt[8];
+    nm_auto_clear_secret_ptr NMSecretPtr key          = {0};
+    nm_auto_clear_secret_ptr NMSecretPtr enc          = {0};
+    gs_unref_ptrarray GPtrArray         *pem          = NULL;
+    nm_auto_free_secret char            *tmp_password = NULL;
+    nm_auto_free_secret char            *enc_base64   = NULL;
+    gsize                                enc_base64_len;
+    const char                          *p;
+    gsize                                ret_len, ret_idx;
+    guint                                i;
+    NMSecretBuf                         *ret;
+
+    g_return_val_if_fail(data, NULL);
+    g_return_val_if_fail(len > 0, NULL);
+    g_return_val_if_fail(!out_password || !*out_password, NULL);
+
+    /* Make the password if needed */
+    if (!in_password) {
+        nm_auto_clear_static_secret_ptr NMSecretPtr pw_buf = NM_SECRET_PTR_STATIC(32);
+
+        if (!nm_crypto_randomize(pw_buf.bin, pw_buf.len, error))
+            return NULL;
+        tmp_password = _nm_utils_bin2hexstr(pw_buf.bin, pw_buf.len, -1);
+        in_password  = tmp_password;
+    }
+
+    if (!nm_crypto_randomize(salt, sizeof(salt), error))
+        return NULL;
+
+    key.bin = nmtst_crypto_make_des_aes_key(NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_DES_EDE3_CBC,
+                                            salt,
+                                            sizeof(salt),
+                                            in_password,
+                                            &key.len,
+                                            NULL);
+    if (!key.bin)
+        g_return_val_if_reached(NULL);
+
+    enc.bin = _nmtst_crypto_encrypt(NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_DES_EDE3_CBC,
+                                    data,
+                                    len,
+                                    salt,
+                                    sizeof(salt),
+                                    key.bin,
+                                    key.len,
+                                    &enc.len,
+                                    error);
+    if (!enc.bin)
+        return NULL;
+
+    /* What follows is not the most efficient way to construct the pem
+     * file line-by-line. At least, it makes sure, that the data will be cleared
+     * again and not left around in memory.
+     *
+     * If this would not be test code, we should improve the implementation
+     * to avoid some of the copying. */
+    pem = g_ptr_array_new_with_free_func((GDestroyNotify) nm_free_secret);
+
+    g_ptr_array_add(pem, g_strdup("-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n"));
+    g_ptr_array_add(pem, g_strdup("Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED\n"));
+
+    /* Convert the salt to a hex string */
+    g_ptr_array_add(
+        pem,
+        g_strdup_printf("DEK-Info: %s,",
+                        nm_crypto_cipher_get_info(NM_CRYPTO_CIPHER_DES_EDE3_CBC)->name));
+    g_ptr_array_add(pem, _nm_utils_bin2hexstr(salt, sizeof(salt), sizeof(salt) * 2));
+    g_ptr_array_add(pem, g_strdup("\n\n"));
+
+    /* Convert the encrypted key to a base64 string */
+    enc_base64     = g_base64_encode((const guchar *) enc.bin, enc.len);
+    enc_base64_len = strlen(enc_base64);
+    for (p = enc_base64; (p - enc_base64) < (ptrdiff_t) enc_base64_len; p += 64) {
+        g_ptr_array_add(pem, g_strndup(p, 64));
+        g_ptr_array_add(pem, g_strdup("\n"));
+    }
+
+    g_ptr_array_add(pem, g_strdup("-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n"));
+
+    ret_len = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < pem->len; i++)
+        ret_len += strlen(pem->pdata[i]);
+
+    ret     = nm_secret_buf_new(ret_len + 1);
+    ret_idx = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < pem->len; i++) {
+        const char *line   = pem->pdata[i];
+        gsize       line_l = strlen(line);
+
+        memcpy(&ret->bin[ret_idx], line, line_l);
+        ret_idx += line_l;
+        nm_assert(ret_idx <= ret_len);
+    }
+    nm_assert(ret_idx == ret_len);
+    ret->bin[ret_len] = '\0';
+
+    NM_SET_OUT(out_password, g_strdup(tmp_password));
+    return nm_secret_buf_to_gbytes_take(ret, ret_len);
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+static gboolean
+file_has_extension(const char *filename, const char *extensions[])
+{
+    const char *ext;
+    gsize       i;
+
+    ext = strrchr(filename, '.');
+    if (!ext)
+        return FALSE;
+
+    for (i = 0; extensions[i]; i++) {
+        if (!g_ascii_strcasecmp(ext, extensions[i]))
+            return TRUE;
+    }
+
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+gboolean
+nm_crypto_utils_file_is_certificate(const char *filename)
+{
+    const char        *extensions[] = {".der", ".pem", ".crt", ".cer", NULL};
+    NMCryptoFileFormat file_format;
+
+    nm_assert(filename);
+
+    if (!file_has_extension(filename, extensions))
+        return FALSE;
+
+    if (!nm_crypto_load_and_verify_certificate(filename, &file_format, NULL, NULL))
+        return FALSE;
+    return file_format = NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_X509;
+}
+
+gboolean
+nm_crypto_utils_file_is_private_key(const char *filename, gboolean *out_encrypted)
+{
+    const char *extensions[] = {".der", ".pem", ".p12", ".key", NULL};
+
+    nm_assert(filename);
+
+    NM_SET_OUT(out_encrypted, FALSE);
+    if (!file_has_extension(filename, extensions))
+        return FALSE;
+
+    return nm_crypto_verify_private_key(filename, NULL, out_encrypted, NULL)
+           != NM_CRYPTO_FILE_FORMAT_UNKNOWN;
+}